Your 2018 Reading List, Provided by Bill Gates
Most of us can’t live like billionaire Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates, but we can read like him. Gates recommended four books in 2018—though some were published earlier.
Leonardo da Vinci, by Walter Isaacson (2017)
The bestselling biographer of Steve Jobs and Albert Einstein researched deeply into da Vinci’s contributions beyond art, highlighting the breadth of his scientific, technological, and creative output. “Leonardo nearly understood almost all of what was known on the planet at the time. That’s mostly because of his curiosity about every area of natural science and the human experience,” said Gates.
The Best We Could Do: An Illustrated Memoir, by Thi Bui (2017)
Gates calls this graphic novel “really impressive”. Bui is the daughter of Vietnamese refugees who came to America after the fall of Saigon, and becoming a parent inspired her to look into her own parents’ miserable history. “I was struck by how the experiences Bui illustrates manage to be both universal and specific to their circumstances,” said Gates.
Lincoln in the Bardo, by George Saunders (2018)
Saunders, a long-time short story writer, won high praise for this novel. The book imagines the ghosts that haunt (萦绕) the basement of Willie Lincoln, Abraham Lincoln’s son, who died at 11 in real life. “Willie’s death after the Civil War made the president have a new understanding of the grief he’s creating in other families by sending their sons off to die in battle,” said Gates.
Origin Story: A Big History of Everything, by David Christian (2018)
This new book is by the creator of Big History, a free, online social studies course. It traces history in wide, sweeping movements, starting with the Big Bang, and it provides, in effect, a short course in modern science. This is a brief history of the universe. “David gets a little stuck on the current economic and political problems in the West, and I wish he talked more about the role innovation will play in preventing the worst effects of climate change,” said Gates.
1. Which books refer to the field of science?
A. Origin Story and Leonardo da Vinci
B. Lincoln in the Bardo and Origin Story
C. Leonardo da Vinci and The Best We Could Do
D. The Best We Could Do and Lincoln in the Bardo
2. If you are interested in thrillers, whose book will you most probably choose?
A. Walter Isaacson B. Thi Bui
C. George Saunders D. David Christian
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The Best We Could Do is an autobiography.
B. Lincoln in the Bardo has been warmly received.
C. David Christian talks much about the part that innovation will play.
D. Readers can only read about Leonardo da Vinci’s contributions towards art.
知识点：广告布告类
1. A 2. C 3. B
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了由比尔盖茨在2018年推荐的四本书，这四本书包括：Leonardo da Vinci, The Best We Could Do: An Illustrated Memoir, Lincoln in the Bardo,以及Origin Story: A Big History of Everything。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段第二句“it provides, in effect, a short course in modern science.”可知Origin Story 这本书提供了一门现代科学的短期课程，涉及到了科学领域，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。倒数第二段的第二句“The book imagines the ghosts that haunt (萦绕) the basement of Willie Lincoln”可知Lincoln in the Bardo, by George Saunders这本书是属于惊悚题材的，故对惊悚小说感兴趣可以读本书，可以去阅读George Saunders的书，故选C。
【3题详解】
判断推理题。根据倒数第二段第一句“Saunders, a long-time short story writer, won high praise for this novel.”可知Saunders凭借 Lincoln in the Bardo赢得了高度赞扬，可推理Lincoln in the Bardo这本书很受欢迎。故选B。
Dr. Amanda Harris was ready for sleep since it was already 11 pm. The phone rang. On the other end of the line was a woman about to break a promise. The woman was her mother’s neighbor. Flora Harris had made the neighbor swear she wouldn’t tell her daughter she’d had a heart attack and was in hospital. The neighbor wisely decided to disobey orders.
Amanda desperately wanted to get to the hospital immediately, but she couldn’t. She lives in Washington D. C., and her mother lives in California. For the past year and a half, Amanda has gone to Los Angeles every other month to take care of her mother. Flora Harris takes care of her husband, James, who’s 91 and has Alzheimer’s disease. They live in their own home, and a caregiver comes to help them a few hours a day.
Amanda is one of many Americans facing the heartache of how to take care of aging parents from afar. She’s often worried and guilty, not to mention busy with a demanding job, two teenage daughters and the frequent trips to California.
In some ways, Amanda is lucky. She has the resources to make the trips to Los Angeles. Plus, she is a doctor who treats the elderly. She’s treated countless patients whose children live far away.
“But it’s still tough,” she says. “I can foresee what the next few years are going to look like, and it’s not a pretty picture. There will come a time when my father won’t recognize me and I worry he’s going to be violent and hurt my mother.”
So what do you do when you live a continent away from your aging, sick parents? You can hire someone to help, but you can’t count on it completely.
4. Why is Amanda worried and guilty?
A. She is tired of taking care of her husband.
B. She cannot afford to go to California often.
C. She cannot take good care of her aging parents.
D. She has heart disease and cannot do a demanding job.
5. The author considers Amanda lucky because ________.
A. her parents are well cared by a caregiver
B. she has experience of treating the elderly
C. her parents are not very old
D. she has a lot of free time
6. What’s one of the symptoms of a person with Alzheimer’s disease?
A. Having no sense of pain.
B. Having heart attacks often.
C. Always feeling worried and guilty.
D. Being unable to recognize s.
7. The writer writes this passage in order to _________.
A. stress the importance of tending aging parents
B. give some advice on tending aging parents from afar
C. introduce the current situation of aging parents in the USA
D. show the difficulty of tending aging parents living far away
知识点：社会现象类
4. C 5. B 6. D 7. D
这是一篇说明文。文章运用Amanda Harris的例子，来说明美国的子女无法照顾远方年迈的父母的这一社会现象。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。第三段第一句“Amanda is one of many Americans facing the heartache of how to take care of aging parents from afar.”可知Amanda之所以担心愧疚是因为她无法照顾远方自己年迈的父母，故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。第四段最后一句“She’s treated countless patients whose children live far away.”可知作者认为Amanda幸运的原因是她照顾过无数孩子们住得远的病人，即她有照顾老人的经验。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。第五段倒数第二句“There will come a time when my father won’t recognize me”可知Amanda的父亲患有老年痴呆，Amanda担心他有一天会不认得自己，故老年痴呆的症状之一为无法认出自己的亲属，故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段总结段落第一句话“So what do you do when you live a continent away from your aging, sick parents?”(那么，当你住在一个远离年迈生病的父母的大陆上时，你会怎么做呢?)以及文章的主要内容都是围绕着Amanda照顾远方年迈父母的例子来描述，故文章的主要目的是为了说明出照顾住在远方的年迈父母的困难。故选D。
LOS ANGELES, Nov. 12 (Xinhua)—Legendary comic book writer Stan Lee has died at the age of 95, according to media reports on Monday.
Lee, born in Stanley Lieber on Dec. 28, 1922, began his career in 1939 and joined the Marvel Comics in 1961.
He is considered as one of the most legendary names in the history of comic books and the leading creative force behind the rise of Marvel Comics. He co-created iconic fictional characters such as Spider-Man, X-Men, the Avengers, and many more.
Lee’s characters often have super powers, but they also have weaknesses. They were humans, not gods. They not only struggled to save the world, but also to pay their bills, make friends, and hold jobs. This made Marvel comic book heroes stand apart from its competitor DC, which produced the seemingly perfect heroes like Superman and Wonder Woman. Those superheroes have been adapted into blockbuster films, most of which were made after Disney acquired Marvel in a 4-billion-dollar deal in 2009.
In a statement, Bob Iger, chairman and CEO of the Walt Disney Company said Stan Lee was as extraordinary as the characters he created.
Marvel also praised Lee on its website by putting on one of Lee’s famous quotes, which goes, “I used to be embarrassed because I was just a comic-book writer while other people were building bridges or going on to medical careers. And then I began to realize: entertainment is one of the most important things in people’s lives. Without it, they might go off the deep end. I feel that if you’re able to entertain, you’re doing a good thing. ”
Praise from his Hollywood peers and colleagues was generous. President of Marvel Studios Kevin Feige appreciated Lee’s unparalleled impact on the industry. “No one has had more of an impact on my career than Stan Lee, ” Feige said. “Our thoughts are with his family and the millions of fans who have been forever touched by Stan’s genius, charisma and heart. ”
8. How do Lee’s characters differ from those of DC?
A. They are perfect heroes.
B. They often have super powers.
C. They are not humans, but gods.
D. They have human shortcomings.
9. We can learn from Lee’s statement in Paragraph 6 that ________.
A. it is embarrassing to be a comic-book writer
B. a taste of entertainment is necessary in people’s lives
C. entertainment is the most important thing in the world
D. you can do everything well if you are able to entertain
10. According to the passage, we could know that ________.
A. Lee influenced Kevin Feige’s career a lot
B. Lee joined the Marvel Comics in his forties
C. Lee created the fictional characters all by himself
D. The superheroes were adapted into films before Disney acquired Marvel
11. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. Comics Legend—the Marvels and DC
B. The Superheroes in Stan Lee’s Comics
C. Marvel’s Comics Legend Stan Lee Dies at 95
D. The Life Story of Marvel Comics Legend Stan Lee
知识点：人物传记/故事类阅读
8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C
这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了著名漫画作者斯坦·李的生前事迹，他被认为是漫画史上最具传奇色彩的人物之一，也是漫威漫画崛起背后的主要创作力量。同时他也认为娱乐活动是人们生活中最重要的事情之一。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Lee’s characters often have super powers, but they also have weaknesses.”可知Lee创作出的角色是有弱点的，结合下文“This made Marvel comic book heroes stand apart from its competitor DC”可知，这正是使得他所在公司漫威漫画公司不同于DC公司角色的原因。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。第六段倒数第二句“then I began to realize: entertainment is one of the most important things in people’s lives.”Lee意识到娱乐是人们生活中最重要的事情之一，故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段倒数第二句““No one has had more of an impact on my career than Stan Lee, ” Feige said.”可知Feige说没有人比斯坦·李对他的职业生涯影响更大了，故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章属于人物传记类文章，主要围绕斯坦·李的生前事迹进行展开。且文章第一段第一句已经点明“Legendary comic book writer Stan Lee has died at the age of 95”斯坦李的去世是写这篇文章的初衷，故综合选项C选项最切合题意。
A pretty face is never forgotten. Do you believe so? But maybe it is untrue! Psychologists believe beautiful people are less likely to be recognized. A new study suggests that attractiveness can actually prevent the recognition of faces, unless a pretty face has particularly distinctive features, such as Angelina Jolie’s.
German psychologists think the recognition of pretty faces is distorted (扭曲) by emotions. Researchers Holger Wiese, Carolin Altmann and Stefan Schweinberger at the University of Jena, Germany, discovered in a study that photos of unattractive people were more easily remembered than pretty ones when they showed them to a group of people.
For the study, which was published in science magazine Neuropsychologia, the psychologists showed photos of faces to test subjects. Half of the faces were considered to be more attractive and the other half as less attractive, but all of them were being thought of as similarly distinctive looking. The test subjects were shown the faces for just a few seconds to memorize them and were shown them again during the test so that they could decide if they recognized them or not.
The researchers were surprised by the result. “Until now we assumed that it was generally easier to memorize faces which are being considered as attractive, just because we prefer looking at beautiful faces,” Dr. Wiese said. But the study showed that such a connection cannot be easily proven. He assumes that remembering pretty faces is distorted by emotional influences, which enhance the sense of recognition at a later time. The researchers’ idea is backed up by evidence from EEG-recordings (脑电图记录) they used during their experiment which show the brains’ electric activity.
The study also revealed that in the case of attractive faces, considerably more false positive results were detected. In other words, people thought they recognized a face without having seen it before. “We obviously tend to believe that we recognize a face just because we find it attractive.” Dr. Wiese said.
12. What do we know about the photos from Paragraph 3?
A. They were all of pretty faces.
B. They were selected at random.
C. They were not distinctive at all.
D. They were showed twice to the test subjects.
13. What does the underlined phrase “false positive results” in the last paragraph mean?
A. People actually only recognize few pretty faces.
B. People recognize more ugly faces than pretty ones.
C. People claim to recognize a face they have never seen.
D. People recognize fewer faces than they have thought.
14. What can be inferred from the new study?
A. People are reluctant to recognize ugly faces.
B. Beautiful people are particularly distinctive.
C. Attractiveness prevents the recognition of faces.
D. Attractive faces are always easy to be recognized.
15. Which word can show the author’s attitude towards the findings of the research?
A. Doubtful. B. Disapproving.
C. Favorable. D. Objective.
知识点：日常生活类阅读
12. D 13. C 14. A 15. D
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明人们会因为觉得一张脸很好看，就倾向于相信他们能认出一张从未见过的面孔，因此表明吸引力实际上会阻碍人们对面孔的识别，除非一张美丽的脸有特别鲜明的特征。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。第三段最后一句“The test subjects were shown the faces for just a few seconds to memorize them and were shown them again during the test so that they could decide if they recognized them or not.”可知在测试中，研究人员只给受试者看了几秒钟的面孔，让他们记住这些面孔，然后在测试过程中再给他们看一遍，这样他们就能判断自己是否认出了这些面孔。即这些照片被展示了两遍，故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段第二句“In other words, people thought they recognized a face without having seen it before.”可知下文是对上一句的解释，换句话说，人们认为他们认出了一张从未见过的脸。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。第四段第二句“Until now we assumed that it was generally easier to memorize faces which are being considered as attractive, just because we prefer looking at beautiful faces”可知人们普遍更容易记住好看的脸，仅仅因为我们更喜欢看漂亮的面孔。则可以推理研究表明人们不愿意辨认难看的面容，故选A。
【15题详解】
态度观点题。文章通过说明实验过程和引用实验组织人员的观点进行论述，并没有表明作者自己的观点和看法，因此可知作者对文章的态度是客观的。故选D。
【点睛】细节理解题具体方法：
1.略读材料，大概了解原文，掌握中心或主旨。
2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关的信息词。如for example, first, second…等预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。
3.将精力放在寻找你所需要的细节上。快速通篇跳读，全文扫视，找到细节出处，待找到含细节句子时，放慢速度，仔细核对比较内容，直至找到答案。如小题2询问划线部分false positive results的含义，本题在原句无法直接找到答案，但是下文中in other words（换句话说），即后文是对上一句话的解释和说明。再根据后文内容people thought they recognized a face without having seen it before 可知 false posive results是指人们认为他们可以认出一张从未见过的面孔。
If one thing on your wish-list is a stress-free holiday, then here are some shopping tips prepared for you, which will save both your time and money.
Don’t be tough on your brains. ____16____ Don’t be afraid to look for clues and ask for ideas. First, see whether the folks on your to-buy-for list have already dropped some valuable hints of their dreamed items. If you strike out, encourage your lucky recipients to post items they wish someone would buy for them. You can also find inspiration in the many online gift guides. ____17____ — Gifts for Dads, Gifts for Golfers and such. Then you’ll get the idea.
___18___ You really can enlist your own personal helpers. Don’t feel guilty about that—after all, Santa employs helpers too. Many stores have free professional shoppers who can pick out presents for you. We’re not talking just high-end stores such as Blooming-dale’s and Nordstrom. ____19____ They’re all hungry to win your business away from online retailers. But you’ll likely need an appointment, so call ahead or search stores’ websites for “personal shopping”. You’ll typically find a link on the home page under Contact Us or Services.
Have gifts delivered.Time is money, and for not a lot of money you can save a lot of time by having your gifts delivered right to your door. Some mom-and-pop shops offer delivery service while chain stores tend to charge for that, but it still might be worth paying for the convenience. ____20____ First go to postmates.com or download the free app and see whether it’s available in your area. Then type the name of a store into the search bar, click on the store, and enter the item you want.
A. Make an appointment ahead.
B. Can’t figure out what to buy?
C. Do you wish for a stress-free holiday?
D. Get someone else to do shopping for you.
E. They are typically organized by recipient, interest, and/or price range.
F. Others like Macy’s and J. Crew will also let you leave the shopping to them.
G. For local stores that don’t offer this convenience, try the Post-mates delivery service.
知识点：七选五
16. B 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. G
这是一篇说明文。文章就节假日购物如何确定需要够买的物品，给出了三点建议来帮助人们节省时间和金钱。
【16题详解】
根据下文中的“Don’t be afraid to look for clues and ask for ideas”不要害怕寻找线索和寻求意见，以及后文中对需要购买物品的线索整理，可推理出第一小题应指不知道要买什么东西，再引起下文。故选B。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Gifts for Dads, Gifts for Golfers”给父亲的礼品，给打高尔夫球的人的礼物都进行了分类整理，可知网上礼品参考都是按一定范围组织的，比如按照收件人、兴趣等，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据第二句“You really can enlist your own personal helpers.”可知你可以找你自己的私人助手，即让别人来帮你购物。故选D。
【19题详解】
上文中提到“Many stores have free professional shoppers who can pick out presents for you.”很多商店有能为你挑选礼物的专业购物助手，本空则是列举了其他一些商店，others对应上文中的many，故选F。
【20题详解】
本空位于段落中间，有承上启下的作用。根据上文中的“it still might be worth paying for the convenience”可定位关键词convenience到G选择中this convenience，前后呼应。故选G。
I used to hate running. It seemed too hard, and pushing outside my comfort zone was not what I was ____21____ to do. My husband Charles had been a serious competitive ____22____ for many years. After our marriage, he wouldn’t ____23____ talk- ing about how much he missed it. So he picked it up again, and after about a year, I started to ____24____ him at the track. Just a few weeks later, Charles ____25____ us both up for a five-kilometer race. I ____26____ about doing it. It was too soon.
But on race day, there I was. The gun ____27____. Thousands of runners pushed forward. The first kilometer was tough. “I don’t think I’m gonna make it.” I was already breathing ____28____ and painfully aware of the group of runners pounding past me. “No, you’re doing great,” said Charles. He was trying to encourage me, to get me focused on something else ____29____ my discomfort. “I can’t,” I said, barely audibly (听得见地). He tried a _____30_____ way to persuade me. “Just make it to that house and let’s see how you ______31______.”
After another minute I saw the three-kilometer mark. All I could think of was that I was dying and that my husband made me _____32_____. Miserable doesn’t even begin to describe how I felt. “You’ll be fine. You’ve got less than a kilometer to go.” I rounded a corner, and saw both sides of the street _____33_____ with people watching the race, all cheering the runners on. I willed my _____34_____ to keep going. Then I looked up and saw the clock. The seconds ticking away gave me _____35_____. I knew that if I ____36____finished this race I would achieve something. _____37_____, I straightened up and kicked it. I had my arms held higher when I passed through the finish line. A volunteer _____38_____ a medal around my neck.
“You did great! I’m so proud of you!” Charles was _____39_____ that I’d made it. “That was AMAZING! I want to do another race. This running stuff is amazing!” I proudly _____40_____ my medal as we walked to the post-race festivities. My lungs and my comfort zone both expanded.
21. A. accepted B. permitted C. pushed D. raised
22. A. runner B. policeman C. doctor D. lawyer
23. A. regret B. mind C. stop D. forget
24. A. follow B. attend C. join D. urge
25. A. signed B. gathered C. involved D. registered
26. A. commented B. hesitated C. wondered D. enquired
27. A. went off B. went out C. broke off D. broke out
28. A. smoothly B. heavily C. quickly D. abruptly
29. A. or rather B. more than C. rather than D. better than
30. A. pleasant B. reasonable C. casual D. different
31. A. react B. describe C. feel D. realize
32. A. ashamed B. painful C. embarrassed D. nervous
33. A. rich B. loose C. ready D. thick
34. A. arms B. mind C. heart D. legs
35. A. strength B. patience C. expectation D. wisdom
36. A. formally B. immediately C. normally D. actually
37. A. However B. Therefore C. Yet D. Instead
38. A. rewarded B. handed C. put D. presented
39. A. thrilled B. amused C. shocked D. frozen
40. A. enjoyed B. hugged C. kept D. Seized
知识点：完型填空
21. D 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. A 36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. B
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了一开始讨厌跑步的作者，与丈夫一起参加了一起五公里跑步比赛，在途中因为各种不适想要放弃。最终在丈夫的鼓励下成功跑过终点，并获得了奖章的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. accepted接受；B. permitted允许；C. pushed推；D. raised抚养；举起。上文提到作者过去非常讨厌跑步，认为将自己推出自己的舒适区不是自己被养这么大应该做的事情。Raise有抚养，养育的意思，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. runner跑步者；B. policeman警察；C. doctor医生；D. lawyer律师。根据下文可知作者的丈夫曾是一个多年的跑步者，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. regret后悔；B. mind介意；C. stop停止；D. forget忘记；句意：结婚后，他不停地说他有多怀念跑步。Stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. follow跟随；B. attend参加；C. join加入；D. urge催促。根据上文作者的丈夫重拾跑步，一年后作者也加入了他跑步的行列里。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. signed署名；B. gathered聚集；C. involved涉及；D. registered注册。由下文的“五公里比赛”可知作者的丈夫是给他们俩报名了，sign up“报名”，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. commented评论；B. hesitated犹豫；C. wondered好奇；D. enquired询问。由下文的“这太快了”可知作者对丈夫这么快就报名比赛的行为是“犹豫”的，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. went off响起；发射；B. went out熄灭；C. broke off中断；D. broke out爆发。句意：枪声一响，成千上万的跑步者向前冲去。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. smoothly顺利地；B. heavily沉重地；C. quickly快地；D. abruptly突然地。作者认为自己办不到，并且呼吸沉重，痛苦地意识到自己已经被跑步人群所超过，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查短语辨析。A. or rather倒不如说；B. more than不仅仅；C. rather than而不是；D. better than好于。句意：他试图鼓励我，让我专注于其他事情而不是我的不适。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. pleasant愉快的；B. reasonable合理的；C. casual随便的；D. different不同的。由上文可知作者丈夫尝试鼓励作者，但是没有起作用，于是丈夫换了另一种不同的方式。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. react反应；B. describe描述；C. feel感觉；D. realize意识到。上文提到作者感觉很难受，于是丈夫提议先跑到房子那里再看作者“感觉”如何，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. painful痛苦的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. nervous紧张的。作者此刻难受得感觉自己快要死了，并且是作者的丈夫使她这么痛苦的。故选B.
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. rich富有的；B. loose松散的；C. ready准备好的；D. thick密集的；厚的。句意：我转过一个拐角，看见街道两旁挤满了观看比赛的人，都在为运动员加油。Thick with“挤满”故选D。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. arms胳膊；B. mind思维；C. heart心脏；D. legs腿。上文提到作者比赛过程中各种不适，此时看到街边欢呼的人群，作者让自己的双腿坚定下来继续跑。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. strength力量；B. patience耐心；C. expectation期待；D. wisdom智慧。作者抬头看了看表，秒钟的滴答声给了她勇气。故选A。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. formally正式地；B. immediately立即地；C. normally正常地；D. actually实际上；事实上。句意：我知道如果我真的完成了这场比赛，我将会有所成就。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查连词辨析。A. However但是；B. Therefore因此；C. Yet然而；D. Instead代替。结合上下文，此处是顺承关系，故选B。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. rewarded奖赏；B. handed递；C. put放；搁；D. presented提出。句意：一位志愿者将奖牌挂在我的脖子上。根据句意故选C。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. thrilled激动的；B. amused愉快的；C. shocked震惊的；D. frozen冻结的。结合上下午可知作者的丈夫对作者的成功感到非常激动，故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. enjoyed欣赏；B. hugged拥抱；C. kept保持；D. Seized抓住。句意：当我们走向赛后庆祝活动时，我自豪地拥抱了我的奖牌。故选B。
On October 23, 2018，President Xi Jinping announced the opening of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge (HZMB) at an opening ceremony in Zhuhai, Guangdong province.
The HZMB, ____41____ (locate) at the waters of the Lingdingyang of Pearl River Estuary, is a huge sea crossing, linking Hong Kong and Macao to the Chinese mainland city of Zhuhai. As the world’s ____42____ (long) sea-based project, the 55-kilometre bridge is the result of five years of research and another nine years of building. It has been described as one of the “seven ____43____ (wonder) of the modern world” by the Guardian.
The project ____44____ (make) up of a 22.9-kilometer-long main bridge, a 6.7-kilometer-long tunnel and an artificial island off the bridge. It is designed with ___45___ service life of 120 years. It can withstand a strong wind equal ____46____ a maximum Beaufort scale 16. The bridge’s engineers had to consider many environmental factors to protect the ____47____ (surround) environment while building the bridge. Chinese white dolphins, an endangered species that lives in the area, ____48____ (be) a particular concern.
The HZMB will make ____49____ much more convenient to travel between the three areas it connects. It will bring people in Hong Kong, Macao and Guangdong within a “one-hour living circle”, ____50____ is expected to attract more visitors to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. It will be a transport link as well as a social, economic, cultural, and tourism connection among the three areas.
知识点：语法填空
41. located 42. longest 43. wonders 44. is made 45. a 46. to 47. surrounding
48. were 49. it 50. which
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了连接香港、珠海和澳门的港珠澳大桥的修建过程，以及建成后预计对周边地区的影响。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词is，且句中无连词，故locate只能做非谓语，表示其逻辑主语的状态做表语，故填located。
【42题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：作为世界最长的海洋工程。比较范围为“全世界”，数量大于三故用形容词最高级longest。
【43题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：它被形容为“世界七大奇迹”之一。Wonder本空为可数名词，理解为“奇迹”，被seven修饰，故用复数形式wonders。
【44题详解】
考查被动语态。本句主语为project与谓语动词make构成被动关系，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填is made。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：它的设计使用寿命为120年。Life为辅音音素开头的可数名词，表泛指前需要添加冠词a。
【46题详解】
考查介词。句意：它能承受相当于最高博福特16级的强风。短语equal to……“相等；相当于”后跟介词to。
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这座桥的工程师在建造时必须考虑许多环境因素来保护周围的环境。Environment为名词，前面需要形容词修饰，表示周围的环境。故填surrendering。
【48题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：中华白海豚，一种生活在该地区的濒危物种，是一个特别令人关注的问题。本空为句子的谓语，结合上文可知是在描述“修桥”时遇到的困难，动作发生在过去故用一般过去时，且主语dolphins为复数形式，故填were。
【49题详解】
考查代词。句意：港珠澳大桥将使它连接的三个地区之间的交通更加方便。Make后需要跟形式宾语it来指代后面的真正宾语。故填it。
【50题详解】
考查非限定性定语从句连接词。句意：它将把香港、澳门和广东的居民纳入一个“一小时生活圈”，预计将吸引更多游客到粤港澳大湾区。本句属于非限定性定语从句，指代上文整句话，故用which。
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Monday, I learned a lesson about tell lies. Early in the morning, I didn’t want to go to the school, but I pretended to feel ill. My mother was very worrying when I told her. She left quickly and I thought she has gone to work. But soon, she came back with a bottle of pill. She said that she had asked for a day off from work to look me. I felt a little guilty but I dared not tell the truth. That afternoon, my teacher came to visit me. I felt so regretfully for telling lies. Finally, I admitted I had lain and promised never to do them again.
知识点：短文改错
Last Monday, I learned a lesson about tell lies. Early in the morning, I didn’t want to go to the
telling the
school, but I pretended to feel ill. My mother was very worrying when I told her. She left quickly and
so或and worried
I thought she has gone to work. But soon, she came back with a bottle of pill. She said that she had
had pills
asked for a day off from work to look ∧me. I felt a little guilty but I dared not tell the truth. That
after
afternoon, my teacher came to visit me. I felt so regretfully for telling lies. Finally, I admitted I had
regretful
lain and promised never to do them again.
Lied it或that
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。作者在本文讲述了自己一次撒谎的经历。由于不想去上学，作者假装生病，妈妈很担心并请假在家照顾作者，这使得作者有一种负罪感。下午老师来看望他时，作者最终承认犯了错误，并保证以后不会再撒谎了。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。About为介词，后跟现在分词做宾语，需用现在分词telling。
2.考查冠词。固定短语go to school“去上学”，中间不添加冠词，故去掉the。
3.考查连词。分析句意为"我不想去上学，于是假装生病"，故用so引导结果状语从句。
4.考查形容词。主语是My mother，指人，故用过去分词worried作形容词。
5.考查时态。主句用了过去时态I thought，故从句的动作发生在thought之前，即过去的过去，故用过去完成时态，has改为had。
6.考查名词的数。句意"一瓶药丸"，pill是可数名词，要用复数形式pills。
7.考查介词。句意：她请了两天假照顾我，look after意为"照顾"，故添加after。
8.考查形容词。Feel为系动词，后跟形容词作表语，故改为regretful。
9.考查动词。lie在此处是“撒谎”的意思，做“撒谎”时，lie为规则动词，以不发音的e结尾末尾添加-d，故改为lied。
10.考查人称代词。句意：我发誓再也不这么做了。此处指上文中作者撒谎的这件事，为第三人称单数形式，故改为it或改为指示代词that。
【点睛】lie动词变化辨析。
1、lie做“躺，卧” 时动词变化为：lie→lying（现在分词）→lay（过去式）→lain（过去分词）
2、lie 做“说谎” 时动词变化为：lie→lying（现在分词）→lied（过去式）→lied（过去分词）
3、lay:安放→laying（现在分词）→laid（过去式）→laid（过去分词）
第9小题中，作者最后承认了自己“撒谎”，做“撒谎”时，lie为规则动词，故变为lied。
假定你是李华，想邀请热心于公益的留学生朋友Bryan一起去你市火车站参加为期两天的志愿服务活动。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1. 活动时间、地点；
2. 志愿服务内容（至少三个方面）。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Bryan,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
知识点：书面表达
Dear Bryan,
I’m writing to invite you to join me for voluntary work at the railway station from February 2nd to 3rd. I know you’re always actively involved in volunteering so you won’t miss this opportunity. Here are some details about the activity.
We are to gather at the entrance to the station at 8:00 am and put on uniforms before being shown around to get familiar with the functions of different areas. Then we’ll get down to work. One of our duties is to answer questions and direct passengers to the right places. If any elderly or young passengers are travelling alone, we may accompany them and make sure they board in time. More often we’ll help with heavy luggage and keep order.
I believe you’ll find the experience rewarding.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件；你想邀请热心于公益的留学生朋友Bryan一起去你市火车站参加为期两天的志愿服务活动。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1. 活动时间、地点；2. 志愿服务内容（至少三个方面）。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：voluntary work （志愿服务），actively involved（积极参与），gather at the entrance（在入口集合），get familiar with（熟悉），board in time（及时上车）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如I know you’re always actively involved in volunteering so you won’t miss this opportunity. So引导并列句；if引导的条件状语从句：If any elderly or young passengers are travelling alone, we may accompany them and make sure they board in time.。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。