However depressed you may be feeling now, if you look back, there certainly will have been events that made you happy—maybe the time ____21____ you bought your first bicycle or you were awarded a scholarship. When good things happen, we feel excited, proud and happy.
But the problem is, happiness doesn’t usually last. The excitement of that first bicycle purchase wears off, and the pride in the scholarship gives way to the stress of performing ___22___ (well) on the next exam.
Psychologists call this phenomenon hedonic adaptation (享乐适应症)—that is, ___23___ good something makes us feel, most of the time we drift back to ___24___ we started. An often _____25_____ (quote) example is that lottery winners are no happier than non-winners eighteen months after their win.
But don’t despair. It is possible to make happiness last. Psychologists have found two anti-adaptation tools that are effective in sustaining happiness: variety and appreciation.
Variety is, as we all know, the spice of life. But it’s also a useful weapon _____26_____ adaptation. Positive changes that _____27_____ (experience) in a variety of ways are more likely to lead to lasting happiness. For example, you will feel happier about your volunteer work _____28_____ you are able to cope with new tasks every week. The second tool, appreciation, is in many ways the opposite of adaptation. It’s about focusing on something, instead of letting it fade into the background. It is only when you appreciate something ___29___ an enduring feeling of happiness will follow.
Human beings spend a lot of time figuring out what makes them happy, but not enough time _____30_____ (try) to hang on to the happiness they already have. This is like focusing all your energy on making more money, without giving any thought to what you will do with the money. The key to happiness is to not only look for new opportunities but also to make the most of the ones you’ve been given.
知识点：语法填空
21. when 22. better 23. no matter how
24. where 25. quoted 26. against 27. are experienced
28. if 29. that 30. trying
这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了享乐适应症的定义，表现以及为了保持快乐，克服享乐适应症所采取的措施。
【21题详解】
考查关系代词。句意：不管你现在有多沮丧，如果你回头看一看，肯定会有一些事情让你开心——也许是你买了第一辆自行车或者获得奖学金的时候。分析句子可知，the time为先行词，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以应用关系副词when。故填when.
【22题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：第一次购买自行车的兴奋感消失了，而对奖学金的骄傲情绪也让位于下次考试表现得更好的压力。副词修饰动词，根据本句的句意可知，人们感到不快乐是因为人们不断追求更好的表现，不断给自己施压。所以用副词的比较级better修饰动词perform。故填 better.
【23题详解】
考查从属连词。句意：无论什么东西让我们感觉好，大部分时间我们都会漂回我们开始的地方。分析句子可知，本句缺少从属连词，根据句意可知，本句为no matter how引导的让步状语从句，其形式为：no matter how+adj/adv+主语+谓语。故填no matter how.
【24题详解】
考查连接副词。句意：无论什么东西让我们感觉好，大部分时间我们都会漂回我们开始的地方。to为介词，后接从句作宾语，根据句意，本句接where引导的宾语从句，其中where在宾语从句中作地点状语。故填where.
【25题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一个经常被引用的例子是彩票中奖者并不比非中奖者在中奖18个月后更快乐。quoted为形容词修饰名词example。故填quoted.
【26题详解】
考查介词。句意：但它也是阻止适应的有效武器。由前文可知，变化是有效维持幸福感的反适应工具，所以判断出本句应填介词against。故填 against.
【27题详解】
考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：经历了以各种方式的积极的变化更有可能带来持久的幸福。分析句子可知，changes为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，且changes与experienced为被动。故填are experienced.
【28题详解】
考查从属连词。句意：例如，如果你每周都能应付新的任务，你就会对自己的志愿工作感到高兴。分析句子可知，空处缺少连词，根据句意可知，本句为if引导的条件状语从句，主句为将来时，在本句中为you will feel happier about your volunteer work ，从句为一般现在时，在本句中为you are able to cope with new tasks every week。故填if.
【29题详解】
考查连接词。句意：只有当你欣赏某样东西时，才会产生持久的快乐感。本句为强调句式：it+be+强调部分（状语）+that+主语+谓语。本句前调的部分为： only when you appreciate something，所以连接词为that。故填 that.
【30题详解】
考查动名词。句意：人们花了大量的时间去弄清楚是什么让他们快乐，但却没有足够的时间去把握他们已经拥有的幸福。本句涉及sb spend+时间（in）doing sth的用法。分析句子可知，but连接的是a lot of time figuring out what makes them happy和not enough time _____10_____ (try) to hang on to the happiness they already have。所以应填trying。故填tying.
Want to figure out if someone is a psychopath (精神变态者)? Ask them what their favourite song is. A New York University study last year found that people who loved Eminem’s Lose Yourself and Justin Bieber’s What Do You Mean? were more likely to ___31___ highly on the psychopathy scale than people who were into Dire Straits.
Over the past few years, Spotify has been enhancing its data analytic ___32___ in an attempt to help marketers ___33___ consumers with adverts tailored to the mood they’re in. They infer this from the sort of music you’re listening to, ___34___ with where and when you’re listening to it, along with third-party data that might be available.
Now, to be clear, there’s nothing particularly ___35___ about what Spotify is doing with your data. I certainly don’t think that they are working with shadowy consulting firms to serve you ads promoting a culture war while you’re listening to the songs that ___36___ you might be in a casually racist mood. Nevertheless, I find it ___37___ that our personal private moments with music are increasingly being turned into data points and sold to advertisers.
You can see where this could go, can’t you? As ad targeting gets ever more complicated, marketers will have the ability to target our emotions in ___38___ exploitative ways. According to one study, titled Misery Is Not Miserly, you are more likely to spend more on a ___39___ if you’re feeling sad. You can imagine some companies might take advantage of that. And on that note, I’m feeling a little down about all this. I’ll ___40___ off to treat myself to something expensive.
知识点：填空
31. I 32. H 33. F 34. A 35. K 36. G
37. D 38. J 39. E 40. C
这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了Spotify能甄别人们的情绪，以帮助营销者根据消费者的情绪定制广告来锁定消费者，这样的做法令人害怕。
【31题详解】
考查动词。句意：纽约大学去年的一项研究发现，喜欢阿姆的 Lose Yourself 和贾斯汀·比伯的 What Do You Mean? 的人比喜欢 Dire Straits 的人更有可能在心理变态量表上得高分。be likely to do sth“可能做某事”。这里在比较哪种人在心理上更变态，所以用得分进行比较，所以填动词score。故选I .
【32题详解】
考查名词。句意: 在过去的几年中，Spotify 一直在增强其数据分析能力，以帮助营销者根据消费者的情绪定制广告来锁定目标。analytic为形容词修饰名词，根据句意，analytic修饰名词capability。 故选H .
【33题详解】
考查动词。句意。在过去的几年中，Spotify 一直在增强其数据分析能力，以帮助营销者根据消费者的心情定制广告来锁定目标。help sb do sth，所以空处应填动词。target consumers“以消费者为目标”为动词短语，符合句意。故选 F.
【34题详解】
考查过去分词。句意: 他们能从你正在听的音乐类型、听音乐的地点和时间，以及可能获得的第三方数据推断出这一点。be coupled with“与……配合”。分析句子可知，the sort of music与couple在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词。 故填 A .
【35题详解】
考查形容词。句意: 现在，要明确的是，Spotify对你的数据所做的事情不是在耍什么花招。particularly为副词修饰形容词，选项中只有tricky/depressing为形容词，但tricky符合句意，所以副词particularly形容词 tricky。 故选K .
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意: 我当然认为他们并没有和一些神秘的咨询公司合作，并没有因你听的歌暗示你偶尔有种族主义情绪的时候，而为你推荐文化战争的广告。分析句子可知，the songs为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语，而空处缺少谓语，根据句意，判断出填动词suggest“暗示”。故选G .
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意: 不过，我觉得让人沮丧的是，我们在音乐上的私人时光越来越多地被转化成了数据点，卖给了广告商。分析句子可知，本句为:“find+it+adj+that+句子”为固定用法。其中it作形式宾语，真正的主语为that之后的从句，由句意可知，作者对音乐上的私人时光越来越多地被转化成了数据点，卖给了广告商,这个令人失望。所以填depressing。故选 D.
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意: 随着广告定位变得越来越复杂，营销人员将有能力以潜在的剥削方式锁定我们的情绪。副词修饰形容词exploitative。由 “have the ability to…”可知，营销人员将有能力以潜在的剥削方式锁定我们的情绪。所以副词potentially 修饰形容词exploitative。故选 J.
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意: 如果你感到悲伤，你更有可能在产品上花费更多。a为冠词后接名词,由“spend”可知，钱花费在了商品上，所以a后接名词product。故选 E.
【40题详解】
考查动词。句意: 我去买些昂贵的东西安慰下自己吧。will为情态动词后接动词原形，head off“动身”，符合句意。故选C .
The constant working engine that drives the majority of human action is, undoubtedly, the fragrant dream of individualism. And while the presence of its scent is ___41___ throughout the world entirely, its value is worshipped (敬奉) to such an extent in a land no other than that of America.
As the framework of its history, America holds individuality as the ever-popular green light, the essence of which becomes the symbol of hope for, well, almost everything. In fact, in America’s current social status, individuality has become something of a birthright, and a ___42___ applied upon the face of the media, where it was ___43___ valued as the American dream. There is no denying the popularity of this idol in American society, and little hope for ___44___ it.
However, ___45___ most pride themselves in their individualistic state, perhaps humans, when stripped (剥) to their core (核心), are everything but.
It is no new discovery that people are the sum of their experiences. The overwhelming majority of human experiences involve other humans, along with the ___46___and relationships between them. It is a ___47___ occurrence when a life is built upon events without this stimulus. Indeed, interaction is the core of experience. Therefore, in order that humans are the sum of their experiences, they must be the sum of the people that they meet, just as well.
As an Americanized teen, I found the discovery that not only my self-entitled individualism was____48____, but that I, as a being, was a product, increasingly unsettling to accept. Questions ___49___ me such as “If I am bits and pieces of everyone I have met — my family, my teachers, all of my friends, and even strangers — then what is left that is just me? What part of me is just me? How much of myself is the combining of different parts of different people? Is such a ___50___ between myself and others even possible?”
Such are inquiries that will continue to be thought about, as I have come to accept that they will remain a ___51___. Therefore, with the allowance of these questions, the response must be a ___52___ in the definition of “oneself”. The previously mentioned questions no longer concern me, as I have put a stop to the idea that the “real” me is some lost isolated island on top of an ocean of influence.
I realized that my personality cannot depend on a(n) ___53___ between influence and individualism, as such is a line that cannot be distinct. ___54___, I must be a person whose calmness is a beautifully hazy mixture, and a steady question. Thus, it is the commonly unnoticed durable mystery that is the frustration of those who can ___55___ the lie of individualism. Hopefully, they will come into acceptance.
41. A. unpredictable B. untrustworthy C. unreliable D. undeniable
42. A. necessity B. characteristic C. mark D. model
43. A. later B. previously C. extremely D. publicly
44. A. destroying B. appreciating C. chasing D. escaping
45. A. though B. if C. since D. as
46. A. conflict B. tension C. interaction D. cooperation
47. A. common B. rare C. frequent D. strange
48. A. right B. justified C. unclear D. false
49. A. affected B. interrupted C. bothered D. surprised
50. A. separation B. combination C. contrast D. communication
51. A. secret B. mystery C. truth D. fantasy
52. A. gap B. belief C. factor D. change
53. A. distinction B. connection C. exchange D. medium
54. A. Therefore B. However C. Instead D. Furthermore
55. A. break up B. make up C. cope with D. see through
知识点：完型填空
41. D 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. C 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. B 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. D
这是一篇议论文。作者就美国社会中存在的个人主义发表自己的看法，作者认为，当人类被剥到他们的核心时，他们可能就一无所有了，自我标榜的个人主义是错误的，需要从新审视。
【41题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A.unpredictable 不可预测的；B.untrustworthy不可信赖的；C.unreliable不可靠的；D. undeniable不可否认的。句意：尽管个人主义的美好梦想在全世界都是不可否认的，但它的价值却在美国这片土地上受到如此程度的崇拜。由“The constant working engine that drives the majority of human action is, undoubtedly, the fragrant dream of individualism.”可知，驱动大多数人类活动持续运转的引擎，无疑是对个人主义的美好梦想的追求。所以判断出个人主义在全世界都受到追捧，是不可否认的。故D选项切题。
【42题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. necessity必需品；B. characteristic特性；C. mark记号； D. model模范。句意：事实上，在美国目前的社会地位中，个性已经成为一种与生俱来的权利，一种应用在媒体表面上的必需品，在媒体上，个性曾经被视为美国梦。由上文可知，个人主义在美国受到如此程度的追捧，所以它也会出现在美国生活的各个方面，因此也是经常被媒体使用的必需品。符合生活常识。故A选项切题。
【43题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. later后来；B. previously以前地；C. extremely极端地;D. publicly公共地。句意：事实上，在美国目前的社会地位中，个性已经成为一种与生俱来的权利，一种应用在媒体表面上的必需品，在媒体上，个性曾经被视为美国梦。分析句子可知，where所引导的定语从句为一般过去时，所以判断句中有表示过去的时间状语，意在说明个人主义之前的称呼。故B选项切题。
【44题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. destroying破坏；B. appreciating感激；C. chasing追逐；D. escaping逃脱。句意：不可否认，这一偶像在美国社会中广受欢迎，几乎没有人希望摆脱它。由“there is no denying the popularity of this idol in American society”可知，这一偶像在美国社会中广受欢迎，所以几乎没有人希望摆脱它，可见其受欢迎的程度。故D选项切题。
【45题详解】
考查连词辨析。A. though尽管； B. if如果；C. since自从……以来；D. as因为。句意：虽然大多数人都为自己的个人主义感到自豪，但是当人类被剥到他们的核心时，他们可能就一无所有了。由句意可知，前后语意表示让步关系，所以用从属连词though 。故A选项切题。
【46题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. conflict冲突；B. tension紧张；C. interaction相互影响；D. cooperation合作。句意：绝大多数的人类经验都涉及到其他人，以及他们之间的相互作用和关系。由下文“Indeed, interaction is the core of experience”可知，相互作用是人类经验的核心。这是一句总结的句子，是对上句小题6中interaction还是relationship的总结，所以判断出本题答案为interaction。故C选项切题。
【47题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. common共同的；B. rare稀少的；C. frequent频繁的；D. strange奇怪的。句意：当生活建立在没有这种刺激的事件上时，这是很少见的。生活就是多人在一起共同作用的活动，没有共同作用的生活是很少见的。故B选项切题。
【48题详解】
考查形容词辨析。A. right正确的；B. justified合理的；C. unclear不清楚的；D. false错误的。句意：作为一个美国化的青少年，我发现不仅自我标榜的个人主义是错误的，而且我作为一个人，是一个产品，越来越难以接受。由上文可知，作者认为没有共同作用的生活是很少见的，所以觉得自己的个人主义，脱离了人的群体，脱离了社会，因此认为是错误的。故D选项切题。
【49题详解】
考查动词辨析。A. affected影响；B. interrupted打断；C. bothered烦扰；D. surprised使惊讶。句意： “如果我是我遇到的每一个人的碎片——我的家人、老师、所有的朋友，甚至是陌生人，”这样的问题困扰着我。由下文的问题，“what is left that is just me? What part of me is just me?”可知，这些问题烦扰作者着并让作者感到困惑。故C选项切题。
【50题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. separation分离；B. combination结合；C. contras 对比；D. communication交流。句意：我和别人之间有隔阂吗？这是表示自己的个人主义使自己和其他人分离了，所以作者在发出疑问。故A选项切题。
【51题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. secret秘密；B. mystery谜；C. truth真理；D. fantasy幻想。句意：这些将会继续被考虑，因为我已经接受了这些调查仍然是个谜。由“Such are inquiries that will continue to be thought about”可知，这些调查将会继续被考虑，所以判断调查仍然是一个谜。故B选项切题。
【52题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. gap间隙；B. belief信念；C. factor因素；D. change改变。句意：因此，在考虑到这些问题的情况下，答复必须是对"自己"定义的改变。有下文“I realized that…I must be a person…”可知，作者意识到了要去改变自己。故D选项切题。
【53题详解】
考查名词辨析。A. distinction区分；B. connection联系；C. exchange交换；D. medium媒质。句意：我意识到，我的个性不能依赖于影响力和个人主义之间的区别，因为这是一条无法区分的界线。由“as such is a line that cannot be distinct”可知，因为这是一条无法区分的界线，所以我的个性不能依赖于影响力和个人主义之间的区别。故A选项切题。
【54题详解】
考查副词辨析。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Instead反而；D. Furthermore此外。句意：相反，我必须是一个冷静的人，冷静是一个美丽而朦胧的混合物，也是一个坚定的问题。前后语意转折。故C选项切题。
【55题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. break up破裂；B. make up组成；C. cope with处理；D. see through看穿。句意：因此，正是那些能看穿个人主义谎言的人的沮丧，才是人们普遍忽视的持久之谜。see through“看穿”能更好地反应人们对个人主义谎言的无奈和沮丧，但这种无奈和沮丧却被人们普遍忽视。故D选项切题。
Charity Cycling UK recently launched a campaign to raise awareness of dooring after discovering that many people don’t know what it is. Dooring is when a driver or passenger opens the door into another road user—typically cyclist—without looking for other road users.
Cycling UK chief executive Paul Tuohy told Gloucestershire Live: “Some people seem to see car dooring as a bit of a joke, but it’s not and can have serious consequences. Cycling UK wants to see great awareness made about the dangers of opening your car door carelessly, and people to be encouraged to look before they open.”
The charity says 2,009 of the 3,000 injuries were sustained by cyclists, resulting in five fatalities but says this might not be the full extent of the danger.
Cycling UK says not all car dooring incidents will be attended by police, so the charity has written to transport minister Jesse Norman calling for a public awareness campaign urging all car occupants, not just drivers, to look before opening vehicle doors. One of the ways the charity suggests is the “Dutch reach”, where people leaving a vehicle reach over and use the non-door side hand to open the door.
Cycling UK also suggests harsher laws and advice on safer road positioning for people who cycle.
Mr. Tuohy said: “In the Netherlands they are known for practicing a method, known sometimes as the ‘Dutch reach’, which we think could be successfully encouraged in the UK.”
“Cycling UK has written to the Department for Transport asking them to look into this, and highlight the dangers of ‘car dooring’ through a public awareness THINK style campaign.”
If you’re really concerned about opening a door into the path of a cyclist coming behind you, consider using what’s known as the “Dutch reach” to open the door. That will naturally turn you in your seat and give you a much better view of what’s coming up alongside in the car.
56. Why does the author mention the figures in Paragraph 3?
A. To cause public concern.
B. To report the terrible accidents.
C. To show the danger of car dooring.
D. To stress the importance of traffic safety.
57. While doing the “Dutch reach”, you should ________________________.
A. sit still in your seat
B. open the car door politely
C. use the inside hand to open the door
D. use the left hand to open the car door
58. What can be learned from the text?
A. Many people are ignorant of car dooring.
B. The “Dutch reach” is well received in England.
C. Dooring incidents are all attended by police.
D. Drivers are to blame for dooring incidents.
59. What’s the author’s attitude towards car dooring?
A. Negative. B. Ridiculous.
C. Neutral. D. Concerned
知识点：新闻报道类
56. C 57. C 58. A 59. D
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了突然打开汽车车门对于骑自行车的人的危害以及希望人们提高对突然打开车门所带来的危害的重视，并提出了减少伤害所采取的措施。
【56题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段“The charity says 2,009 of the 3,000 injuries were sustained by cyclists, resulting in five fatalities but says this might not be the full extent of the danger.”可知，该慈善机构说，在3,000人受伤中，有2,009受伤人是骑自行车的人，造成5人死亡，但说这可能不是全部的危险。所以判断出第三段中的数字是为了说明开汽车门的危险。故C选项正确。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。由第四段“One of the ways the charity suggests is the “Dutch reach”, where people leaving a vehicle reach over and use the non-door side hand to open the door. ”可知,慈善机构建议的方法之一是“荷兰式伸手”，即人们在离开车辆时伸出手，用非车门侧的手打开车门。用非车门侧的手打开车门也就是用里侧的手开门。故C选项正确。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。由第一段“Charity Cycling UK recently launched a campaign to raise awareness of dooring after discovering that many people don’t know what it is”和第二段“Some people seem to see car dooring as a bit of a joke, but it’s not and can have serious consequences. Cycling UK wants to see great awareness made about the dangers of opening your car door carelessly”可知，英国自行车慈善组织最近发起了一项运动，在发现许多人不知道“打开汽车门”是什么之后，提高人们对“打开汽车门”的认识。有些人似乎把打开汽车门看作是一个玩笑，但它不是笑话并且可能会导致严重的后果。英国自行车慈善希望人们提高对不小心打开车门的危险性的认识。所以我们判断出，很多人都忽视了突然打开汽车门的危险性。故A选项正确。
【59题详解】
推理判断题。由前几段英国自行车慈善组织希望人们提高对突然打开车门所带来的危害的重视，并提出了减少伤害所采取的措施以及最后段“If you’re really concerned about opening a door into the path of a cyclist coming behind you, consider using what’s known as the “Dutch reach” to open the door. That will naturally turn you in your seat and give you a much better view of what’s coming up alongside in the car.可知，如果你真的想打开一扇门，让一个骑自行车的人从你车旁安全通过，考虑一下用所谓的“荷兰式伸手”来打开这扇门。这自然会让你坐在你的座位上，让你更好地看到车旁的情况。所以判断出作者对英国自行车慈善组织发起的运动是支持的，并建议周围的人都能够用所谓的“荷兰式的伸手”来减少伤害，可见作者对已“突然打开车门”的关注。故D选项正确。
【点睛】根据短文提供的关键词是解决推理判断题重要的切入点。通过词的表面意思来推测出所隐含的意思。例如小题3，由第一段“Charity Cycling UK recently launched a campaign to raise awareness of dooring after discovering that many people don’t know what it is”和第二段“Some people seem to see car dooring as a bit of a joke, but it’s not and can have serious consequences. Cycling UK wants to see great awareness made about the dangers of opening your car door carelessly”中的“raise awareness of…”“don’t know what it is”“ a bit of a joke”可知，通过这些关键词可以看出英国自行车慈善组织最近发起了一项运动是针对人们不知道“打开汽车门”会对自己造成伤害以及很多人都把“打开汽车门”当作笑话来看待这样的背景下所发起的，目的是提高人们的意识。所以推断出是因为人们在生活中忽略了它的危险性，才使国自行车慈善组织最近发起了一项运动。故小题3的正确选项为A。
Confucius Institute
The Confucius Institute at the University of Minnesota offers several short classes on Chinese language and culture.
★Class Fees
The cost of classes is $225 ($170 for Chinese Rehab)
★Class Calendar
The Confucius Institute follows the University of Minnesota semester schedule. The Confucius Institute classes start a few weeks after the start of the University semester and last for ten class sessions. Classes are not held on University holidays.
The upcoming class sessions will be:
Spring 2018: February 1- April 7
Summer 2018: June 13- August 25
Tentative class calendar:
The schedule may change due to teacher availability.
MONDAY
TUESDAY
WEDNESDAY
THURSDAY
Beginning I, Section A
6:00 ~ 7:30 p.m.
Beginning I, Section B
6:00 ~ 7:30 p.m.
Beginning II
6:00 ~ 7:30 p.m.
Intermediate II
6:00 ~ 7:00 p.m.
Chinese Rehab
6:30 ~ 7:00 p.m.
Intermediate I
6:00 ~ 7:30 p.m.
Beginning III
6:00 ~ 7:30 p.m.
Intermediate III
6:00 ~ 7:30 p.m.
★Class Cancellations
Any class not meeting minimum enrollment by four business days before the class start date will be cancelled and you will be contacted. If we must cancel a class due to insufficient enrollment or any other circumstance beyond our control, we will offer a full refund or issue credit towards another class.
★Contact Information
The Confucius Institute is located within the University International Center on the east bank of the Twin Cities campus. The University International Center is located in the Keeler Apartment building. Enter at the corner of 17th Avenue S.E. and 4th Street through the doors located near the “University International Center” sign.
Office hours
The office is generally open Monday through Friday, from 8:00 a.m. until 4: 30 p.m.
The office is closed daily from12:.00 noon until 1: 00 p. m. and is closed on all University holidays.
Office Address
160 University International Center, 331-17th Ave. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55414
Phone: 612625-5080
Fax: 612-625-5158
Email: confucius umn. edu
60. Chinese Rehab ________________.
A. costs more money
B. is held on Monday
C. lasts one and a half hours
D. has four classes a week
61. To get information about the classes, you can visit the office ___________.
A. on Monday noon
B. at 12:30 a.m., Tuesday
C. on Wednesday evening
D. at 1: 30 p.m., Friday
62. What is True about the classes?
A. The schedule may be changeable.
B. They can be one-to-one instruction.
C. They are held on University holidays.
D. They start at the beginning of the University semester.
知识点：广告布告类
60. B 61. D 62. A
这是一篇说明文。介绍了明尼苏达大学孔子学院开设了几门关于中国语言和文化短期课程的一些相关信息。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。由表格中MONDAY的“Chinese Rehab6:30 ~ 7:00 p.m.”可知，Chinese Rehab 在周一上。故B选项正确。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。由Office hours “The office is generally open Monday through Friday, from 8:00 a.m. until 4: 30 p.m. The office is closed daily from12:.00 noon until 1: 00 p. m. and is closed on all University holidays. ”可知，办公室一般在星期一到星期五营业，上午8:00到下午4:30。办公室每天从中午12:00至下午1:00不营业，大学假期也不营业。所以你可以在星期五下午一点半去办公室询问有关课程的信息。故D选项正确。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。由“The schedule may change due to teacher availability.”可知，由于师资问题，时间表可能会有所改变。所以课程表安排可能有所变化。故A选项正确。
Parallel worlds exist and interact with our world, say physicists.
Quantum mechanics (量子力学), though firmly tested, is so weird and anti-intuitive that physicist Richard Feynman once remarked, “I think I can safely say nobody understands quantum mechanics.” Attempts to explain some of the bizarre (奇异的) consequences of quantum theory have led to some mind-bending ideas, such as the Copenhagen interpretation and the many-worlds interpretation.
Now there’s a new theory on the block, called the “many interacting worlds” hypothesis (假设) (MIW), and the idea is just as profound as it sounds. The theory suggests not only parallel worlds exist, but that they interact with our world on the quantum level and are thus detectable. Though still speculative (推测的), the theory may help to finally explain some of the bizarre consequences inherent in quantum mechanics.
The theory is a spinoff of the many-worlds interpretation in quantum mechanics—an assumption that all possible alternative histories and futures are real, each representing an actual, though parallel, world. One problem with the many-worlds interpretation, however, has been that it is fundamentally untestable, since observations can only be made in our world. Happenings in these proposed “parallel” worlds can thus only be imagined.
MIW, however, says otherwise. It suggests that parallel worlds can interact on the quantum level, and in fact that they do.
“The idea of parallel universes in quantum mechanics has been around since 1957,” explained Howard Wiseman, a physicist at Griffith University in Brisbane, Australia, and one of the physicists to come up with MIW. “In the well-known ‘Many-Worlds Interpretation’, each universe branches into a bunch of new universes every time a quantum measurement is made. All possibilities are therefore realized — in some universes the dinosaur-killing asteroid (小行星) missed Earth. In others, Australia was colonized by the Portuguese.”
“But critics question the reality of these other universes, since they do not influence our universe at all,” he added. “On this score, our ‘Many Interacting Worlds’ approach is completely different, as its name implies.”
Wiseman and colleagues have proposed that there exists “a universal force of repulsion between ‘nearby’(i.e. similar) worlds, which tends to make them more dissimilar.” Quantum effects can be explained by factoring in this force, they propose.
When asked about whether their theory might imply that humans could someday interact with other worlds, Wiseman said: “It’s not part of our theory. But the idea of human interactions with other universes is no longer pure fantasy.”
What might your life look like if you made different choices? Maybe one day you'll be able to look into one of these alternative worlds and find out.
63. According to Paragraph 1-2, which of the following statements is true about quantum mechanics?
A. It's been tested that no one in the world knows what quantum mechanics is.
B. The theory of quantum mechanics is intuition(直觉)based.
C. Quantum theories should be interpreted in many different ways.
D. Quantum mechanics is valid and based on profound research.
64. According to paragraph 3-5, the new theory "MIW" differs from the previous one in that ______.
A. MIW develops from quantum mechanics
B. MIW suggests the interaction can be detected
C. The previous one is based on profound foundation
D. The previous one proves that MIW is imagined
65. According to the passage, critics of parallel universes and its supporters mainly disagrees in ______________.
A. the origin of these parallel universes
B. the foundation of these universes
C. the reality of these other universes
D. the ways of how these parallel universes interact
66. The last sentence of the last paragraph implies that _______________________.
A. someday humans may live in different universes in one lifetime
B. humans may make different choices simultaneously (同时地) and live in different universes
C. humans may live again from the beginning if they regret their life in this universe
D. life would be more unexpected, but all you expect may be true in other universes
知识点：科普环保类阅读
63. D 64. A 65. C 66. B
【分析】
这是一篇新闻报道。报道了科学家对量子力学MIW理论学说的观点。
【63题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段“Quantum mechanics (量子力学), though firmly tested, is so weird and anti-intuitive that physicist Richard Feynman once remarked, “I think I can safely say nobody understands quantum mechanics.” Attempts to explain some of the bizarre (奇异的) consequences of quantum theory have led to some mind-bending ideas, such as the Copenhagen interpretation and the many-worlds interpretation.可知，量子力学，尽管经过了严格的检验，却是如此的怪异和违反直觉，以至于物理学家理查德费曼曾经说过：“我认为我可以有把握地说没有人理解量子力学。”试图解释量子理论的一些奇怪的后果已经导致了一些令人难以置信的想法，例如哥本哈根解释和多世界解释。所以判断出量子力学是有根据的，并基于深刻的研究。故D选项是正确的。故D选项正确。
【64题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段“The theory is a spinoff of the many-worlds interpretation in quantum mechanics”可知，这个理论是量子力学中多世界解释的一个分支。由第二段“Attempts to explain some of the bizarre (奇异的) consequences of quantum theory have led to some mind-bending ideas, such as the Copenhagen interpretation and the many-worlds interpretation.可知，试图解释量子理论的一些奇怪的后果已经导致了一些令人难以置信的想法，例如哥本哈根解释和多世界解释。”所以哥本哈根解释和多世界解释是根据解释量子理论的一些奇怪的后果而产生的, 而MIW理论由量子力学发展而来。故判断出根据第3-5段，新的理论MIW与以前的不同之处在于MIW由量子力学发展而来。故A选项正确。
【65题详解】
细节理解题。由第七段“But critics question the reality of these other universes, since they do not influence our universe at all”可知，但批评者质疑这些其他宇宙的存在，因为它们根本不影响我们的宇宙。所以根据这篇文章，平行宇宙的批评者以及其支持者主要不同意其他宇宙的存在。故C选项正确。
【66题详解】
推理判断题。由最后段“Maybe one day you'll be able to look into one of these alternative worlds and find out.”可知，也许有一天你会看到这些可替代的世界之一，并可以弄清楚他们的情况。所以判断出它暗示人类与其他宇宙的互动不再是纯粹的幻想，人类可能同时做出不同的选择，并生活在不同的宇宙中。从而揭示平行世界是存在的，并与我们的世界相互作用。故B选项正确。
【点睛】通过上下文的语境是解决推理判断题的重要方法之一。很多的信息隐含在上下文语境中，需要我们弄懂上下文语境之间的内在联系。由最后段“Maybe one day you'll be able to look into one of these alternative worlds and find out.”可知，也许有一天你会看到这些可替代的世界之一，并可以弄清楚他们的情况。可知，作者的最后段的最后一句话并不是随随便便的一句话，他的理论支持来源于上一段的“: “…But the idea of human interactions with other universes is no longer pure fantasy.” 人类与其他宇宙的互动不再是纯粹的幻想。所以判断出平行世界是存在的，并与我们的世界相互作用，所以人类可能同时做出不同的选择，并生活在不同的宇宙中。故小题4的B选项正确。
Shanghai Hengyuanxiang Drama Development Company and Netherlander Worldwide Entertainment signed a deal last November that would see Shimmer (《犹太人在上海》) become the first Chinese musical to have an open-ended run on Broadway in 2019. ___67___
Directed by Xu Jun, Shimmer is a musical in both English and Chinese. Shimmer, which tells a story about Jews who fled to Shanghai to escape Nazi persecution (迫害) during World War II, was first shown at the Shanghai Culture Square in 2015. ___68___ The musical’s scheduled open-ended run in 2019 will be one of the events to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States. With this play being shown on Broadway, the ties between Chinese people and Americans will be firmly strengthened. And through this drama, the audience can feel the charm of Chinese culture.
___69___ To deal with the problem, many production companies in Shanghai have pointed out that they should keep striving for improvement by creating more Chinese musicals and by creating more audiences. Currently, those who watch Western musicals in China are limited to a small group — people who have received a university education or have had overseas working experiences, white-collar and even gold-collar workers. There are only a handful of people who understand foreign languages and you have to find a way to motivate the public and get them into the theater.
___70___ There has been a handful of successful musical stories in Shanghai. The Chinese editions of Broadway musicals Cats and Mamma Mia, both of which had hundreds of shows across China, are among the top box office hits.
A. What do you think we can do to prevent Chinese musicals from declining in popularity?
B. At that time, the musical was chosen as the opening show for the 17th China Shanghai International Arts Festival.
C. The box office is expected to be twice higher than that of last year, reaching $1 million in total.
D. The small audience size hasn’t discouraged local artists from producing outstanding works.
E. The deal is a milestone for Shimmer in its goal to further spread its influence to the world.
F. Despite the huge success of Shimmer, the team is facing a limited market.
知识点：七选五
67. E 68. B 69. F 70. D
这是一篇说明文。介绍恒元翔戏剧发展公司将《犹太人在上海》推向国际舞台，尽管获得可巨大的成功，但很多制作公司自身发展,面临着观众少，市场狭窄的问题，与此同当地艺术家仍然在不断创作优秀作品。
【67题详解】
由第一段“Shanghai Hengyuanxiang Drama Development Company and Netherlander Worldwide Entertainment signed a deal last November that would see Shimmer (《犹太人在上海》) become the first Chinese musical to have an open-ended run on Broadway in 2019.”可知，上海恒元翔戏剧发展公司和尼德兰全球娱乐公司去年11月签署了一项协议，将使《犹太人在上海》成为中国第一部在2019年在百老汇公开上映的音乐剧。所以小题1要说明这项协议给《犹太人在上海》带来的影响和意义。故E选项“该协议是《犹太人在上海》进一步将其影响力扩大到世界的目标的一个里程碑”符合题意。故E选项切题。
【68题详解】
由第二段“The musical’s scheduled open-ended run in 2019 will be one of the events to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and United States”可知，这部音乐剧定于2019年公开上映，将是庆祝中美建交40周年的活动之一。《犹太人在上海》不是第一次上映，所以判断出小题2要说明它在2015年因为什么而上映的。故B选项“当时，这部音乐剧被选为第十七届中国上海国际艺术节的开幕式上表演。”符合题意。故B选项切题。
【69题详解】
由第三段的内容可知，第三段主要介绍了上海的许多制作公司通过创作更多的中国音乐剧和吸引更多的观众来不断努力改进自己的作品，以及观众群体的局限性。这都说明尽管《犹太人在上海》取得了巨大的成功，但团队仍面临着有限的市场。所以判断出小题3是本段的标题。故F选项“尽管《犹太人在上海》取得了巨大的成功，但团队仍面临着有限的市场”为本段的标题。故F选项正确。
【70题详解】
由“there has been a handful of successful musical stories in Shanghai. The Chinese editions of Broadway musicals Cats and Mamma Mia, both of which had hundreds of shows across China, are among the top box office hits. ”可知上海有一些成功的音乐故事。百老汇音乐剧《猫》和《妈妈咪呀》的中国版在中国各地都有数百场演出，都是票房冠军。所以这里具体列举了很多百老汇音乐剧的中国版都取得了不错的票房，意在说明观众人数少并没有妨碍当地艺术家创作优秀作品。所以小题4要起到总说的作用，然后在进行解释说明。故F选项“观众人数少并没有妨碍当地艺术家创作优秀作品”符合句意。故D选项正确。
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Gossip
“Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday?” Lindsey whispers to Tori.
With her eyes shining, Tori brags, “You bet I did, Sean told me two days ago.”
Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip and I have noticed the effects of gossip.
An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually, gossip spreads information about a topic—breakups, trouble at home—that a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the lie. People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain.
If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? The answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t. Similarly, hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group”. In other words, gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority.
Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group. For instance, if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention. The do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.
The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation. The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
知识点：日常生活类阅读
Gossip is very common and it has three effects. Gossipers hurt people by exposing shameful secrets or lies about the victim. Gossip also gives gossipers satisfaction for gossip makes them feel superior and part of the group. Social pressures resulted from gossip make people watch their behavior and conform to the group. People should consider the effects before gossiping.
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了说闲话的消极影响。
【详解】第一步：阅读
1．认真阅读给定的原文材料，如果一遍不能理解，就多读两遍；阅读次数越多，你对原文的理解就越深刻。
2．划出那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子；决定原文中哪些部分重要，哪些部分次重要了；对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。
3．简要地记下主要观点——主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括概要写作重要的东西。
第二步：写作步骤
1.浏览课文，找出主题：介绍了说闲话的消极影响。
2.分析文章的结构，把它分成几个部分，找出每个部分的主要思想，用你自己的文字简短地写出来。本文主要分为一部分：Gossip is very common and it has three effects
3.写下每个主要思想的支持点，不涉及细节。支持点：1.Gossipers hurt people by exposing shameful secrets or lies about the victim.2. Gossip also gives gossipers satisfaction for gossip makes them feel superior and part of the group. 3.Social pressures resulted from gossip make people watch their behavior and conform to the group.
4.按照逻辑顺序组织主要和相关的支持点， 使用最短的连接词进行连接。如：and，or，before
第三步：修改成文
草稿拟好以后，对它进行修改。
首先，与原文比较看是否把所有重要的观点都概括了，概要写作中的观点是否与原文中的完全一致。
其次，如果出现了不必要的词汇、短语或长句子，删除它们，保持语言简单明了。
最后，检查拼写、语法和标点符号的错误。
72. 新来的员工经验不足，在解决顾客投诉时遇到了麻烦。 (have trouble)
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73. 医生向病人保证，只要他按时服药就没有大碍。 (assure)
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74. 尽管日程安排很紧，他还是报名参加了他同事推荐的那个课程。(despite)
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75. 直到妻子与他离了婚，他才意识到他应该多抽一些时间陪伴家人，而不是一心只有工作。(until)
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知识点：翻译
72. The new employee was inexperienced, so (that) he had trouble (in) dealing with the customer’s complaint(s).
The new employee lacked experience, and he had trouble (in) dealing with the customers’ complaint(s).
Because of lack of experience, the new employee had trouble (in) dealing with the customers’ complaint(s).
73. The doctor assured the patient that he would be fine as long as he took medicine on time.
74. Despite his busy/full/tight schedule, he signed up for the course recommended by his colleague.
75. Not until his wife divorced him did he realize that he should have spared more time to keep the family company/stay with the family instead of being obsessed with/absorbed in his work.
He didn’t realize that he should have set aside more time to accompany the family instead of being busy with his work until he was divorced from/with his wife.
【72题详解】
考查have trouble的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，所以用had trouble (in) doing sth ,句子可以翻译成so /and 连接的并列句或者so that 连接的结果状语从句。也可翻译为一个简单句。“缺少经验”可以翻译为：was inexperienced，lacked experience，lack of experience。再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为：1. The new employee was inexperienced, so (that) he had trouble (in) dealing with the customer’s complaint(s).
The new employee lacked experience, and he had trouble (in) dealing with the customers’ complaint(s).
Because of lack of experience, the new employee had trouble (in) dealing with the customers’ complaint(s).
【73题详解】
考查assure的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，谓语为assure后接sb+that宾语从句。再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：The doctor assured the patient that he would be fine as long as he took medicine on time.
【74题详解】
考查despite的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，谓语动词为signed up for, 过去分词短语recommended by his colleague作course的后置定语，despite为介词后接名词his busy/full/tight schedule作宾语。故翻译为：Despite his busy/full/tight schedule, he signed up for the course recommended by his colleague.
【75题详解】
考查until相关的用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，主句为not…until的用法，realize后接that引导的宾语从句，从句的谓语为should have done“本应该做某事，而实际上没有做”。until从句的谓语为be divorced from/with sb “与某人离婚”。忙于做某事be obsessed with/absorbed in his work/ be busy with his work置于instead of之后，所以形式为being obsessed with/absorbed in his work/ being busy with his work。再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：He didn’t realize that he should have set aside more time to accompany the family instead of being busy with his work until he was divorced from/with his wife 也可将Not…until 放在句首，引导部分倒装句，故翻译为：Not until his wife divorced him did he realize that he should have spared more time to keep the family company/stay with the family instead of being obsessed with/absorbed in his work.
【点睛】not until 的倒装句归纳总结
1.当 Not until位于句首时,句子要倒装.其结构为:Not until+从句/表时间的词+助动词+(主句)主语+谓语+.如:
Not until the teacher came in did the students stop talking.直到老师进来学生们才
2.not until的强调结构为:It is / was not until+从句/表时间的词+that+其它成分
根据 not until倒装句的用法，小题4还可翻译为：Not until his wife divorced him did he realize that he should have spared more time to keep the family company/stay with the family instead of being obsessed with/absorbed in his work.符合第一点用法。
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
目前中国的移动支付(mobile payment)非常盛行，越来越多的年轻人选择使用移动支付，有的人认为移动支付给人们带来了便利，而有些人认为这种方式存在安全隐患。请你谈谈对这一现象的看法。内容包括:
1. 简要描述你或你身边的人在日常生活中使用移动支付的现象。
2. 通过与传统方式的比较，谈谈移动支付给人们带来的利与弊。
(参考词汇:微信Wechat;支付宝: Alipay; 二维码QR code)
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知识点：书面表达
With the development of China’s economy, Wechat and Aipay are very popular with everyone in the street. More and more people are choosing to pay the bill by using mobile payment, which is taking the place of paper currency. Some thinks that it actually makes life convenient, others believe that it's a security risk.
Compared with traditional payment, mobile payment has its advantages and disadvantages, I think the advantages are as follows. Firstly, it is convenient for everyone to buy what you want. Secondly, using mobile payment can avoid receiving fake money and being received fake money. Thirdly, If using the mobile payment, everyone can go shopping without any paper currency to prevent the money being stolen.
There is no denying that mobile payment has its disadvantages. It will take more risks protecting your private possessions. For example, you might be monitored while paying for what you have bought so that your account could be stolen.
The mobile payment is under construction now, people should treat it in an objective attitude.
【分析】
这是一篇议论类的作文写作。
【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一,1，简要描述你或你身边的人在日常生活中使用移动支付的现象有的人认为移动支付给人们带来了便利，而有些人认为这种方式存在安全隐患。2，通过与传统方式的比较，谈谈移动支付给人们带来的利与弊。3，总结自己的观点。第二，人称以第三人称为主，兼用为第一人称和第二人称。第三，时态为一般现在时。
第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，简要描述身边的人在日常生活中使用移动支付的现象有的人认为移动支付给人们带来了便利，而有些人认为这种方式存在安全隐患。第二段，移动支付给人们带来的利。第三段，移动支付给人们带来的弊。第四段，总结自己的观点。
第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: be popular with ,choose to do sth, by doing sth, taking the place of, paper currency, convenient, security risk, avoid doing sth, prevent sth from being done ,risk doing sth , private possessions, monitor, account, under construction. Compared with traditional payment, mobile payment has its advantages and disadvantages. it is convenient for everyone to buy what you want.
第四步：确定较为高级的句子：which引导的非限制性定语从句 More and more people are choosing to pay the bill by using mobile payment, which is taking the place of paper currency. If引导的条件状语从句If using the mobile payment, everyone can go shopping without any paper currency to prevent the money being stolen. that为连接词的同位语从句There is no denying that mobile payment has its disadvantages. while引导的时间状语从句，what引导的宾语从句和so that引导的结果状语从句you might be monitored while paying for what you have bought so that your account could be stolen.
第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接：Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly, for example.
第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。
【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式：如which引导的非限制性定语从句 More and more people are choosing to pay the bill by using mobile payment, which is taking the place of paper currency. If引导的条件状语从句If using the mobile payment, everyone can go shopping without any paper currency to prevent the money being stolen. that为连接词的同位语从句There is no denying that mobile payment has its disadvantages. while引导的时间状语从句，what引导的宾语从句和so that引导的结果状语从句you might be monitored while paying for what you have bought so that your account could be stolen.
高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。